During the progress review, how might a project manager assess the contribution of each member of the project team?

At the very beginning of the project role and responsibilities are allocated to each team member and during each deliverable they have to present what each member has done so far. The meetings are held for this purpose in order to the progress from each team member and see what has been done so far and what were the problems faced by the team members and the developers in completing the project. The roles and responsibilities are assigned at the very start during the initiation phase of the project. all these roles are assigned by the project manager and he knows that who is capable of doing what and so these responsibilities are assigned this way.

During the progress review or when the project status is reviewed then the project charter is kept in the meeting in which all the roles and responsibilities are mentioned and team members are asked to submit what they have done so far and what problems are they facing and then the solutions are devised for these problems.

Why is user-centered development critical to successful systems development projects?

It is really important that the system development should be user centered. It is impossible to build a system and also satisfy the users if the system is build according to the basis of technology and user requirements and ease is not kept in mind. It is highly important to gather all the system requirements from the user and then start building the system. All the requirements should be according to the client or the user. The system would only be successful if the system satisfies the needs of the user and fulfils all the requirements mentioned by the user.

While developing the system the developer should not keep the system technology centered. It should be user centered. The users should have full right to change their requirements and attain what they want at the end. That is why it is really important to keep the project or the system user centered and more focus and importance should be given to the user requirements instead of the technology or any other factor. 

What aspects of the workplace might motivate people's acceptance of change?

It is very necessary that the people working in a place get all the necessities they are expecting. This helps in motivating them to work effectively and efficiently for the company or the organization. A safe and healthy workplace should be provided to the employees in order to get better progress and results from them. There are many types of workplace hazards. Large number of stakeholders is affected by the engineering workplace safety and health. Workplace or occupational health and safety are of great importance. Many factors contribute to its importance. Senior management plays an important role in occupational and workplace safety and health. It is very important for the senior managers to focus on the importance of occupational and workplace health and safety. If the managers are not enforcing measures for the safety then other employees would also not pay attention towards the safety and health measures. There should be such programs to provide safety training. Similarly tracking of safety measures, metrics to measure safety, pre and well defined safety goals and objectives, safety responsibility and safety accountability are also some programs that are to be maintained.

How does the IT environment contribute to the success or lack of success in systems development processes?

IT environment helps a lot in contributing towards the success in system development process. Information technology environment is well aware with the most updated technology which is currently used in the world and which has the greatest scope. This helps the processes t deploy the updated technology and thus results in a product with high tech technology and thus helps in gaining more from the project. Information Technology environment is capable of keeping all the requirements in a well defined and systematic database or any centralized system and thus keeps in completely the task of requirement gathering and elicitation effectively and efficiently. In IT environment the most important factor in such project failure includes the “scope creep”. The project manager does not specify the scope of the project at the beginning. During the development of the project more things start to add in the project scope which eventually leads to scope creep.

The information system projects are when way behind the schedule, the project managers leave the testing phase of the project as they think that the project is already behind the schedule and testing of the components will take more time so that skip this task. Due to this at the end the project gives out unexpected results and ultimately fails. All these factors eventually lead to the failure and lack of system development processes.